The best books to understand the role of race and poverty in the criminal justice system

Why am I passionate about this?

I’m a law professor at Boston University who has studied and written about constitutional law, democracy, and inequality for over 20 years. I’m troubled by America’s rise to become the world’s leader in imprisoning its own citizens and the continued use of inhumane policing and punishment practices. These trends must be better understood before we can come up with a form of politics that can overcome our slide into a darker version of ourselves. 


I wrote...

Demand the Impossible: One Lawyer's Pursuit of Equal Justice for All

By Robert L. Tsai,

Book cover of Demand the Impossible: One Lawyer's Pursuit of Equal Justice for All

What is my book about?

It traces Stephen Bright’s remarkable career to explore the legal ideas central to his relentless pursuit of equal justice. For nearly forty years, Bright led the Southern Center for Human Rights, a nonprofit that provided legal aid to indigent people caught in the criminal justice system. He argued four cases before the Supreme Court, bringing to light how the law had become corrupted by the country’s thirst for severe punishment, exposing prosecutorial misconduct, continuing racial inequality, inadequate safeguards for people with intellectual disabilities, and the shameful quality of legal representation for the poor.

An electrifying work of legal history, Demand the Impossible reveals how change can be won in even the most challenging times and how seemingly small victories can go on to have outsized effects.

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The books I picked & why

Book cover of The Fear of Too Much Justice: How Race and Poverty Undermine Fairness in the Criminal Courts

Robert L. Tsai Why did I love this book?

This book is based on more than 35 years of experience litigating capital punishment cases in the Deep South.
Bright, who led the Southern Center for Human Rights, and his co-author James Kwak, go deep into the belly of the criminal justice system and assess how poverty and race affect everything from a prosecutor’s charging decisions to how juries are selected to sentencing decisions. An important takedown.

By Stephen Bright, James Kwak,

Why should I read it?

1 author picked The Fear of Too Much Justice as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

A legendary lawyer and a legal scholar reveal the structural failures that undermine justice in our criminal courts

"An urgently needed analysis of our collective failure to confront and overcome racial bias and bigotry, the abuse of power, and the multiple ways in which the death penalty's profound unfairness requires its abolition. You will discover Steve Bright's passion, brilliance, dedication, and tenacity when you read these pages."
-from the foreword by Bryan Stevenson

Glenn Ford, a Black man, spent thirty years on Louisiana's death row for a crime he did not commit. He was released in 2014-and given twenty dollars-when…


Book cover of Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption

Robert L. Tsai Why did I love this book?

I found this an essential first-person portrayal of the struggle for living a life of service to others and also what is involved in representing someone who is actually innocent.
Stevenson’s description of starting his career as a law student and young lawyer should resonate with any person who sees injustice in the world and longs to make a difference. You have to go where the need is the greatest, and he goes to the Deep South and has stayed in Alabama ever since.

By Bryan Stevenson,

Why should I read it?

10 authors picked Just Mercy as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

NOW A MAJOR MOTION PICTURE, STARRING MICHAEL B. JORDAN, JAMIE FOXX, AND BRIE LARSON.

A NEW YORK TIMES, WASHINGTON POST, BOSTON GLOBE, ESQUIRE, AND TIME BOOK OF THE YEAR.

A #1 New York Times bestseller, this is a powerful, true story about the potential for mercy to redeem us, and a clarion call to fix America's broken justice system, as seen in the HBO documentary True Justice.

The US has the highest rate of incarceration in the world. One in every 15 people born there today is expected to go to prison. For black men this figure rises to one…


Book cover of The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness

Robert L. Tsai Why did I love this book?

I found Michelle Alexander’s book a potent reminder that the past is never really past, and that older practices of racial subjugation and use of the criminal law against minorities can be repurposed in later eras to serve the same or related ends.

The book raises the question of whether Jim Crow has really ended in all institutions in American society.

By Michelle Alexander,

Why should I read it?

8 authors picked The New Jim Crow as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

Seldom does a book have the impact of Michelle Alexander's The New Jim Crow. Since it was first published in 2010, it has been cited in judicial decisions and has been adopted in campus-wide and community-wide reads; it has been the winner of numerous prizes, including the NAACP Image Award; and it has spent nearly 250 weeks on the New York Times bestseller list. Most important of all, it has spawned a whole generation of criminal justice reform activists motivated by Michelle Alexander's unforgettable argument that 'we have not ended racial caste in America; we have merely redesigned it.'


Book cover of Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America

Robert L. Tsai Why did I love this book?

Forman’s book is a must-read to learn why the War on Crime was not merely the work of one party or one racial group in society. Indeed, a number of people of color, including black mayors and black chiefs of police, strongly supported tough-on-crime measures.

The book raises the question of what it will take to reverse the trends of mass incarceration, given these realities.

By James Forman Jr.,

Why should I read it?

4 authors picked Locking Up Our Own as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

Winner of the 2018 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction

Longlisted for the National Book Award

One of the New York Times Book Review's 10 Best Books of 2017

Former public defender James Forman, Jr. is a leading critic of mass incarceration and its disproportionate impact on people of colour. In LOCKING UP OWN OWN, he seeks to understand the war on crime that began in the 1970s and why it was supported by many African American leaders in the nation's urban centres.

Forman shows us that the first substantial cohort of black mayors, judges and police chiefs took office amid…


Book cover of From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America

Robert L. Tsai Why did I love this book?

I loved this book about the War on Crime for its deep research and historical sweep.

Hinton amasses a great deal of material about federal laws and agency priorities to go with changes in policing strategy on the ground (e.g., stop and frisk, militarization of policing equipment) to tell a disturbing story about how mass incarceration was developed as a national priority and carried out. Haunting.

By Elizabeth Hinton,

Why should I read it?

2 authors picked From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

Co-Winner of the Thomas J. Wilson Memorial Prize
A New York Times Notable Book of the Year
A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice
A Wall Street Journal Favorite Book of the Year
A Choice Outstanding Academic Title of the Year
A Publishers Weekly Favorite Book of the Year

In the United States today, one in every thirty-one adults is under some form of penal control, including one in eleven African American men. How did the "land of the free" become the home of the world's largest prison system? Challenging the belief that America's prison problem originated with the…


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Book cover of Saving Raine

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